Use of cashew gum combined with galactomannan for encapsulation of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24221/jeap.5.4.2020.2748.369-380Palavras-chave:
Natural polysaccharides, atomization, microencapsulation, essential oil.Resumo
Encapsulating matrices are important to maintain the properties, promote the low and controlled release, and avoid these bioactive compounds' undesirable reactions. This study's objective was to evaluate cashew gum (CG) use combined with galactomannan (GAL) in the rosemary essential oil encapsulation by atomization. During the emulsification, the polysaccharides were crosslinked with sodium trimetaphosphate. The particles obtained after encapsulation were evaluated for moisture, solubility, particle size, encapsulation efficiency, morphology, antimicrobial activity, and chemical composition of the essential oil volatiles. GAL/CG blend showed higher encapsulation efficiency and lower oil release than the cashew gum matrix. Undoubtedly, galactomannan combined with cashew gum improved the microparticles' characteristics due to the galactomannan's high emulsifying property even in low concentration. Essential oil maintained its antimicrobial and chemical properties practically after the encapsulation procedure.Downloads
Referências
AOAC. 2007. Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International. AOAC International, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
Baranauskiené, R.; Venskutonis, P. R.; Dewettinck, K.; Verhé, R. 2006. Properties of oregano (Origanum vulgare L.), citronella (Cymbopogon nardus G.) and marjoram (Majorana hortensis L.) flavors encapsulated into milk protein-based matrices. Food Research International, 39, (4), 413-425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2005.09.005
Bazzo, G. C.; Lemos-senna, E.; Gonçalves, M. C.; Pires, A. T. N. 2008. Effect of preparation conditions on morphology, drug content and release profiles of poly(hydroxybutyrate) microparticles containing piroxicam. Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society, 19, (5), 914-921.
Beirão-da-Costa, S.; Duarte, C.; Bourbon, A. I.; Pinheiro, A. C.; Januário, M. I. N.; Vicente, A. A.; Delgadillo, I. 2013. Inulin potential for encapsulation and controlled delivery of Oregano essential oil. Food Hydrocolloids, 33, (2), 199-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2013.03.009
Boger, B. R.; Georgetto, S. R.; Kurdzawa, L. E. 2018. Microencapsulation of GuaLou Seed Oil by Spray Drying. Advanced Materials Research, 38, (2), 263-270. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.554-556.934
Botrel, D. A.; Borges, S. V.; Fernandes, R. V. de B.; Antoniassi, R.; de Faria-Machado, A. F.; Feitosa, J. P. de A.; de Paula, R. C. M. 2017. Application of cashew tree gum on the production and stability of spray-dried fish oil. Food Chemistry, 221, 1522-1529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.10.141
Botrel, D. A.; Borges, S. V.; Fernandes, R. V. de B.; Viana, A. D.; Costa, J. M. G. da; Marques, G. R. 2012. Evaluation of spray drying conditions on properties of microencapsulated oregano essential oil. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 47, 2289-2296. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2012.03100.x
Botrel, D. A.; de Barros Fernandes, R. V.; Borges, S. V.; Yoshida, M. I. 2014. Influence of wall matrix systems on the properties of spray-dried microparticles containing fish oil. Food Research International, 62, 344-352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2014.02.003
Buriti, F. C. A.; dos Santos, K. M. O.; Sombra, V. G.; Maciel, J. S.; Teixeira Sá, D. M. A.; Salles, H. O.; Egito, A. S. 2014. Characterisation of partially hydrolysed galactomannan from Caesalpinia pulcherrima seeds as a potential dietary fibre. Food Hydrocolloids, 35, 512-521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2013.07.015
Cai, Y. Z.; Corke, H. 2000. Production and Properties of Spray-dried Amaranthus Betacyanin Pigments. Journal of Food Science, 65, (3600), 1248-1252.
Cano-Chauca, M.; Stringheta, P. C.; Ramos, A. M.; Cal-Vidal, J. 2005. Effect of the carriers on the microstructure of mango powder obtained by spray drying and its functional characterization. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies, 6, (4), 420-428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2005.05.003
Cerqueira, M. A.; Pinheiro, A. C.; Souza, B. W. S.; Lima, Á. M. P.; Ribeiro, C.; Miranda, C.; Vicente, A. A. 2009. Extraction, purification and characterization of galactomannans from non-traditional sources. Carbohydrate Polymers, 75, (3), 408-414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.07.036
Cerqueira, M. A.; Souza, B. W. S.; Simões, J.; Teixeira, J. A.; Domingues, M. R. M.; Coimbra, M. A.; Vicente, A. A. 2011. Structural and thermal characterization of galactomannans from non-conventional sources. Carbohydrate Polymers, 83, (1), 179-185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.07.036
Chang, C. P.; Leung, T. K.; Lin, S. M.; Hsu, C. C. 2006. Release properties on gelatin-gum arabic microcapsules containing camphor oil with added polystyrene. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 50, (2), 136-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2006.04.008
Christensen, K. L.; Pedersen, G. P.; Kristensen, H. G. 2001. Technical optimisation of redispersible dry emulsions. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 212, (2), 195-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-5173(00)00595-0
CLSI. 2017. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. 27th ed. In Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. 27th ed. CLSI supplement M100. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-3155-11-7
De Barros Fernandes, R. V.; Marques, G. R.; Borges, S. V.; Botrel, D. A. 2014. Effect of solids content and oil load on the microencapsulation process of rosemary essential oil. Industrial Crops and Products, 58, 173-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.04.025
Oliveira, E. F.; Paula, H. C. B.; Paula, R. C. M. de. 2014. Alginate/cashew gum nanoparticles for essential oil encapsulation. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 113, 146-151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.08.038
De Paula, R. C. M.; Rodrigues, J. F. 1995. Composition and rheological properties of cashew tree gum, the exudate polysaccharide from Anacardium occidentale L. Carbohydrate Polymers, 26, 3, 177-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/0144-8617(95)00006-S
Desai, K. G. H.; Park, H. J. 2005. Recent Developments in Microencapsulation of Food Ingredients. Drying Technology, 23, 1361-1394. https://doi.org/10.1081/DRT-200063478
Dima, C.; Patrascu, L.; Cantaragiu, A.; Alexe, P.; Dima, S. 2016. The kinetics of the swelling process and the release mechanisms of Coriandrum sativum L. essential oil from chitosan/alginate/inulin microcapsules. Food Chemistry, 195, 39-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.05.044
Fernandes, L. P.; Candido, R. C.; Oliveira, W. P. 2012. Spray drying microencapsulation of Lippia sidoides extracts in carbohydrate blends. Food and Bioproducts Processing, 90,(3), 425-432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbp.2011.12.001
Fernandes, L. P.; Turatti, I. C. C.; Lopes, N. P.; Ferreira, J. C.; Candido, R. C.; Oliveira, W. P. 2008. Volatile Retention and Antifungal Properties of Spray-Dried Microparticles of Lippia sidoides Essential Oil. Drying Technology, 26, (12), 1534-1542. https://doi.org/10.1080/07373930802464034
Fernandes, R. V. de B.; Borges, S. V.; Botrel, D. A. 2014. Gum arabic/starch/maltodextrin/inulin as wall materials on the microencapsulation of rosemary essential oil. Carbohydrate Polymers, 101, (1), 524-532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.09.083
Fernandes, R. V. de B.; Botrel, D. A.; Silva, E. K.; Borges, S. V.; Oliveira, C. R. de; Yoshida, M. I.; Paula, R. C. M. 2016. Cashew gum and inulin: New alternative for ginger essential oil microencapsulation. Carbohydrate Polymers, 153, 133-142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.07.096
Finney, J.; Buffo, R.; Reineccius, G. A. 2002. Effects of Type of Atomization and Processing Temperatures on the Physical Properties and Stability of Spray-Dried Flavors. Journal of Food Science, 67, (3), 1108-1114. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2002.tb09461.x
García, E.; Gutiérrez, S.; Nolasco, H.; Carreón, L.; Arjona, O. 2006. Lipid composition of shark liver oil: Effects of emulsifying and microencapsulation processes. European Food Research and Technology, 222, (5-6), 697-701. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-005-0129-4
Goyal, A.; Sharma, V.; Sihag, M. K.; Tomar, S. K.; Arora, S.; Sabikhi, L.; Singh, A. K. 2015. Development and physico-chemical characterization of microencapsulated flaxseed oil powder: A functional ingredient for omega-3 fortification. Powder Technology, 286, 527-537. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2015.08.050
Hamre, K.; Kolås, K.; Sandnes, K. 2010. Protection of fish feed, made directly from marine raw materials, with natural antioxidants. Food Chemistry, 119, (1), 270-278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.06.024
Hernandez Sanchez, M. D. R.; Cuvelier, M. E.; Turchiuli, C. 2015. Design of liquid emulsions to structure spray dried particles. Journal of Food Engineering, 167, 99-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2015.07.036
Huynh, T. V.; Caffin, N.; Dykes, G. A.; Bhandari, B. 2008. Optimization of the Microencapsulation of Lemon Myrtle Oil Using Response Surface Methodology. Drying Technology, 26, (3), 357-368. https://doi.org/10.1080/07373930801898182
Ibarra, A.; Cases, J.; Bily, A.; Bai, N.; Roller, M. 2010. Naturex Inc., South Hackensack, New Jersey, USA; 2 Naturex SA, Avignon; and 3 Naturalpha SAS, Loos, France. Journal of Medicinal Food, 13, (5), 1-9.
Jafari, S. M.; Assadpoor, E.; Bhandari, B.; He, Y. 2008. Nano-particle encapsulation of fish oil by spray drying. Food Research International, 41, (2), 172-183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2007.11.002
Janiszewska, E.; Witrowa-Rajchert, D. 2009. The influence of powder morphology on the effect of rosemary aroma microencapsulation during spray drying. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 44, (12), 2438-2444. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2009.02025.x
Jayasundera, M.; Adhikari, B.; Howes, T.; Aldred, P. 2011. Surface protein coverage and its implications on spray-drying of model sugar-rich foods: Solubility, powder production and characterisation. Food Chemistry, 128, (4), 1003-1016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.04.006
Jiang, J. xin; Jian, H. lei; Cristhian, C.; Zhang, W. ming; Sun, R. Cang. 2011. Structural and thermal characterization of galactomannans from genus Gleditsia seeds as potential food gum substitutes. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 91, (4), 732-737. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.4243
Kumar, A.; Moin, A.; Shruthi, R.; Ahmed, A.; Shivakumar, H. G. 2012. Cashew Gum A Versatile Hydrophyllic Polymer: A Review. Current Drug Therapy, 7, (1), 2-12. https://doi.org/10.2174/157488512800389146
Lee, C. J.; Chen, L. G.; Chang, T. L.; Ke, W. M.; Lo, Y. F.; Wang, C. C. 2011. The correlation between skin-care effects and phytochemical contents in Lamiaceae plants. Food Chemistry, 124, (3), 833-841. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.07.003
Leimann, F. V.; Gonçalves, O. H.; Machado, R. A. F.; Bolzan, A. 2009. Antimicrobial activity of microencapsulated lemongrass essential oil and the effect of experimental parameters on microcapsules size and morphology. Materials Science and Engineering C, 29, (2), 430-436. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2008.08.025
Maji, T. K.; Hussain, M. R. 2009. Microencapsulation of Zanthoxylum limonella oil (ZLO) in genipin crosslinked chitosan-gelatin complex for mosquito repellent application. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 111, (2), 779-785. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.29001
Muhammad, K.; Hussin, F.; Man, Y. C.; Ghazali, H. M.; Kennedy, J. F. 2000. Effect of pH on phosphorylation of sago starch. Carbohydrate Polymers, 42, (1), 85-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0144-8617(99)00120-4
Ojeda-Sana, A. M.; Baren, C. M. Van; Elechosa, M. A.; Juárez, M. A.; Moreno, S. 2013. New insights into antibacterial and antioxidant activities of rosemary essential oils and their main components. Food Control, 31, (1), 189-195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.09.022
Pitombeira, N. A. O.; Veras Neto, J. G.; Silva, D. A.; Feitosa, J. P. A.; Paula, H. C. B.; De Paula, R. C. M. 2015. Self-assembled nanoparticles of acetylated cashew gum: Characterization and evaluation as potential drug carrier. Carbohydrate Polymers, 117, 610-615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.09.087
Porto, B. C.; Cristianini, M. 2014. Evaluation of cashew tree gum (Anacardium occidentale L.) emulsifying properties. LWT - Food Science and Technology, 59, (2P2), 1325-1331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2014.03.033
Ré, M. I. 1998. Microencapsulation by spray drying. Drying Technology, 16, (6), 1195-1236. https://doi.org/10.1080/07373939808917390
Ribeiro, F. W. M.; Laurentino, L. da S.; Alves, C. R.; Bastos, M. D. S. R.; Costa, J. M. C.; Canuto, K. M.; Furtado, R. F. 2015. Chemical modification of gum arabic and its application in the encapsulation of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 132, (8), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.41519
Santoyo, S.; Cavero, S.; Jaime, L.; Ibanez, E.; Senorans, F. J.; Reglero, G. 2005. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil obtained via supercritical fluid extraction. Journal of Food Protection, 68, (4), 790-795.
Souza, C. A. G. de; Siqueira, S. M. C.; Amorim, A. F. V. de; Morais, S. M. de; Gonçalves, T.; Gomes, R. N.; Ricardo, N. M. P. S. 2015. Encapsulation of L-ascorbic acid within the natural biopolymer-galactomannan-using the spray-drying method: preparation, characterization, and evaluation of antioxidant activity. Química Nova, 38, (7), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.5935/0100-4042.20150104
Sui, X.; Liu, T.; Ma, C.; Yang, L.; Zu, Y.; Zhang, L.; Wang, H. 2012. Microwave irradiation to pretreat rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) for maintaining antioxidant content during storage and to extract essential oil simultaneously. Food Chemistry, 131, (4), 1399-1405. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.10.007
Teixeira, B.; Marques, A.; Ramos, C.; Neng, N. R.; Nogueira, J. M. F.; Saraiva, J. A.; Nunes, M. L. 2013. Chemical composition and antibacterial and antioxidant properties of commercial essential oils. Industrial Crops and Products, 43, (1), 587-595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.07.069
Tomazelli Junior, O.; Kuhn, F.; Padilha, P. J. M.; Vicente, L. R. M.; Costa, S. W.; Boligon, A. A.; Lamo Castellví, S. 2018. Microencapsulation of essential thyme oil by spray drying and its antimicrobial evaluation against Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 78, (2), 311-317. https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.08716
Tontul, I.; Topuz, A. 2014. Influence of emulsion composition and ultrasonication time on flaxseed oil powder properties. Powder Technology, 264, 54-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2014.05.002
Torquato, D. S.; Ferreira, M. L.; Sá, G. C.; Brito, E. S.; Pinto, G. A. S.; Azevedo, E. H. F. 2004. Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of cashew tree gum. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 20, (5), 505-507. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:WIBI.0000040407.90110.c5
Yousefi, S.; Emam-Djomeh, Z.; Mousavi, S. M. 2011. Effect of carrier type and spray drying on the physicochemical properties of powdered and reconstituted pomegranate juice (Punica granatum L.). Journal of Food Science and Technology, 48, (6), 677-684. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-010-0195-x
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Material protegido por direitos autorais e plágio. No caso de material com direitos autorais ser reproduzido no manuscrito, a atribuição integral deve ser informada no texto; um documento comprobatório de autorização deve ser enviado para a Comissão Editorial como documento suplementar. É da responsabilidade dos autores, não do JEAP ou dos editores ou revisores, informar, no artigo, a autoria de textos, dados, figuras, imagens e/ou mapas publicados anteriormente em outro lugar. Se existir alguma suspeita sobre a originalidade do material, a Comissão Editorial pode verificar o manuscrito por plágio. Nos casos em que trechos já publicados em outro documento for confirmado, o manuscrito será devolvido sem revisão adicional e sem a possibilidade de nova submissão. Autoplágio (ou seja, o uso de frases idênticas de documentos publicados anteriormente pelo mesmo autor) também não é aceitável.
Direitos autorais: Autor
Material protected by copyright and plagiarism rights. In the case of copyrighted material being reproduced in a manuscript, full attribution should be informed in the text; an authorization document is proving to be sent to the Editorial Board as a supplementary document. It is the responsibility of the authors, not JEAP or editors or reviewers, to inform, in the article, the authors of texts, data, graphics, images and maps previously published elsewhere. If there is any suspicion about the originality of the material, the Editorial Board can check the manuscript for plagiarism. Where plagiarism is confirmed, the document will be returned without further review and the possibility of a new submission. Self-plagiarism (i.e., the use of the same phrases previously published documents by any of the authors) is not acceptable.
Copyright: Author