Bee richness and abundance in small fruit farms from the semiarid landscape, NE, Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24221/jeap.7.4.2022.4682.169-176Palavras-chave:
Agroecosystems, biodiversity, ecosystem services, Psidium guajavaResumo
Bee diversity and the status of native populations are barely known in cropland from semiarid Sergipe, where fruit production is a growing activity among small farmers. Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae) is spread among small farmers in Canindé de São Francisco and Poço Redondo in Sergipe state, Northeastern Brazil, in semiarid Caatinga, causing landscape change and habitat loss. Available evidence supports that cross-pollination provided by bees may increase seed set and fruit production, despite self-pollination. We aimed to access bee richness and abundance within the Guava orchard and identify landscape variables influencing them. The survey was conducted in ten Guava orchards during the flowering period (n=10) from May to December 2017. Nine bee species were recorded. No significant effect of landscape structure on richness was detected, maybe because of the low number of bee species recorded. The high-density and generalist bees Trigona spinipes and Apis mellifera comprised 92% of the flower visitors. No other social native bees were found, and solitary bees were scarce. Native bees that are habitat-sensitive (nesting in cavities on tree trunks) and specialized feeders are the losers. Bee abundance was affected by environmental diversity, isolation, and distance to Caatinga patches and continuous vegetation reserves. These results highlight the importance of the adequate management of natural or semi-natural pollinator habitats in the surrounding landscape. Conserving and restoring natural areas is recommended to provide nesting habitats, diversified flower sources, and connectivity within farmland to increase native bee populations, both solitary and social, within the Guava crop. Further studies linking landscape variables and the potential impact on the stability of crop pollination are needed.Downloads
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Copyright (c) 2022 Crislaine Costa Calazans, Danilo Boscolo, Genésio Tâmara Ribeiro , Fabiana Oliveira da Silva
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