Epidemiological, clinical and hematological aspects of bovine anaplasmosis: a retrospective hospital-based study (2012-2021)

Autores

  • Amanda Reges Guedes Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0582-2882
  • Rodolfo José Cavalcanti Souto Clínica de Bovinos de Garanhuns, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Garanhuns-PE, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3380-5596
  • Gliére Silmara Leite Soares Universidade Federal do Agreste de Pernambuco, Garanhuns-PE, Brasil. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1488-0523
  • Ângela Imperiano da Conceição Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0422-4912
  • Jobson Filipe de Paula Cajueiro Clínica de Bovinos de Garanhuns, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Garanhuns-PE, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3228-2383
  • Maria Isabel de Souza Clínica de Bovinos de Garanhuns, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Garanhuns-PE, Brasil. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2438-1093
  • José Augusto Bastos Afonso Clínica de Bovinos de Garanhuns, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Garanhuns-PE, Brasil. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6558-644X
  • Carla Lopes de Mendonça Clínica de Bovinos de Garanhuns, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Garanhuns-PE, Brasil. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4985-4985

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26605/medvet-v17n3-5682

Palavras-chave:

Anaplasma marginale, clinical records, epidemiology, hemoparasitosis, regenerative anemia

Resumo

The aim was to carry out a retrospective study of bovine anaplasmosis diagnosed at the Bovine Clinic of Garanhuns, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (CBG/UFRPE) from 2012 to 2021. A descriptive analysis was performed of the epidemiological, clinical, and hematological data of 230 clinical records of cattle of different age groups. The disease represented 79.9% of the hemoparasites diagnosed at the Institution. Females aged ? 24 months of taurine lineage and their crosses, reared under intensive and semi-intensive systems, were the most affected. A higher occurrence of the disease was observed in the months of August to December.   The most frequently observed clinical findings were apathy, decreased appetite, icteric mucous membranes, and tachycardia. Spontaneous abortion occurred in 12.8% of pregnant cows. Hematological findings revealed regenerative anemia, and the severity of the anemia was associated with a greater intensity of bone marrow response. Antimicrobials (oxytetracycline LA and enrofloxacin) were effective in reducing parasitemia, which, together with blood transfusion, were essential for the patient's clinical improvement. Clinical resolution with hospital discharge occurred in 82.6% of patients, with a mean hospital stay of eight days. Anaplasmosis was the most frequent hemoparasitosis in CBG/UFRPE. It is important to provide guidance measures for producers in the region, especially at the end of the rainy season before the dry season, so that the diagnosis and disease treatment are carried out as early as possible, allowing a faster recovery and return of the animals to production, and thus minimizing the economic impact to the dairy basin of the state of Pernambuco.

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Referências

Almeida, M.B.D.; Tortelli, F.P.; Riet-Correa, B.; Ferreira, J.L.M.; Soares, M.P.; Farias, N.A.; Riet-Correa, F.; Schild, A.L. Tristeza parasitária bovina na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul: estudo retrospectivo de 1978-2005. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, 26(4): 237-242, 2006.

Alvim, G.R.; Costa, L.G.; Deschk, M.; Silva-Neto, A.F.; Araujo, R.F.; Franciscato, C. Basophilic stippling and reactive lymphocytosis in bovine anaplasmosis – A case report. Revista Brasileira de Higiene e Sanidade Animal, 13(1): 98-105, 2019.

Atif, F.A. Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma phagocytophilum: Rickettsiales pathogens of veterinary and public health significance. Parasitology Research, 114(11): 3941-3957, 2015.

Basile, J.R.; Barca Júnior, F.A. Os grupos sanguíneos e a transfusão de sangue nos bovinos. Revista Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, 2(1): 161-170, 2000.

Brito, L.G.; Barbieri, F.S.; Ferreira, T.A.A.; Carneiro, D.S.; Amaral, T.M.; Figueiró, M.R.; Oliveira, M.C.S. Transmissão congênita de Babesia bovis e Anaplasma marginale na epidemiologia da tristeza parasitária bovina. Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Circular Técnica, 48: 1-18, 2019.

Coelho, L.C.T. Anaplasmose bovina: parâmetros clínicos e de patologia clínica em bezerros infectados experimentalmente. Dissertação (Mestrado em Medicina Veterinária) – Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 2007. 65p.

Constable, P.D.; Hinchcliff, K.W.; Done, S.H.; Grünberg, W. Veterinary Medicine: a textbook of the diseases of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs, and goats. 11th ed. Missouri: Saunders Elsevier, 2017. 1091p.

Costa, V.M.M.; Rodrigues, A.L.; Medeiros, J.M.A.; Labruna, M.B.; Simões, S.V.D.; Riet-Correa, F. Tristeza parasitária bovina no Sertão da Paraíba. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, 31(3): 239-243, 2011.

Dirksen, G.; Gründer, H. D.; Stöber, M. Rosenberger: exame clínico dos bovinos. 3rd ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan, 1993. 448p.

Facury-Filho, E.J.; Carvalho, A.Ú.; Ferreira, P.M.; Moura, M.F.; Apolinário, B.C.; Santos, L.P.H.; Ribeiro, M.F.B. Effectiveness of enrofloxacin for the treatment of experimentally-induced bovine anaplasmosis. Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária, 21(1): 32-36, 2012.

Ferreira, M.R.A.; Arantes, T.Q.; Silva, M.D.; Dias, M.; Moreira, C.N. Influências de infecções por Anaplasma marginale no leucograma e no metabolismo oxidativo dos neutrófilos em bezerros da raça Girolando. Enciclopédia Biosfera, 9(17): 1744-1752, 2013.

Ferreira, G.C.M.; Canozzi, M.E.A.; Peripolli, V.; Moura, G.P.; Sánchez, J.; Martins, C.E.N. Prevalence of bovine Babesia spp., Anaplasma marginale, and their co-infections in Latin America: systematic review-meta-analysis. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 13(4): 101967, 2022.

Furlong, J.; Martins, J.R.S.; Prata, M.C.A. Carrapato: problemas e soluções. 1st ed. Juiz de Fora: Embrapa Gado de Leite, 2005. 65p.

Garcia-Zapata, M.T.A.; Souza Júnior, E.S. Aspectos fisiopatológicos da febre nas doenças infecto-parasitárias. Universitas: Ciências da Saúde, 4(1): 111-117, 2006.

Gonçalves, R.C.; Silva, A.A.; Ferreira, D.O.L.; Chiacchio, S.B.; Lopes, R.S., Borges, A.S.; Amorim, R.M. Tristeza Parasitária em bovinos na região de Botucatu–SP: estudo retrospectivo de 1986–2007. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 32(1): 307-312, 2011.

Henker, L.C.; Lorenzett, M.P.; Fagundes-Moreira, R.; Dalto, A.G.C., Sonne, L.; Driemeier, D.; Soares, J.F.; Pavarini, S.P. Bovine abortion, stillbirth and neonatal death associated with Babesia bovis and Anaplasma sp. infections in southern Brazil. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 11(4): 101443, 2020.

Hungerford, L.L., Smith, R.D. Variations in seroprevalence and host factors for bovine anaplasmosis in Illinois. Veterinary Research Community, 21(1): 9-18, 1997.

Jain, N.C. Essentials of veterinary hematology. 1st ed. Philadelphia: Lea & Febger, 1993. 420p.

Kaartinen, L.; Pyorala, S.; Moilanen, M.; Raisanen, S. Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in newborn and one?week?old calves. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 20(6): 479-482, 1997.

Kramer, J. W. Normal hematology of cattle, sheep, and goats. In: Feldman, B.F.F. Zinkl, J.G. Jain, N.C. Schalm’s veterinary hematology. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Williams & Wilkins, 2000. p.1075-1074.

Kessler, R.H.; Schenk, M.A.M. Carrapato, tristeza parasitária e tripanossomose dos bovinos. Campo Grande: EMBRAPA, 1998. 157p.

Kocan, K.M.; De La Fuente, J.; Blouin, E.F.; Coetzee, J.F.; Ewing, S.A. The natural history of Anaplasma marginale. Veterinary Parasitology, 167(2): 95-107, 2010.

Lima, D.H.S.; Vinhote, W.M.S.; Ubiali, D.G.; Soares, P.C.; Cordeiro, M.D.; Silva, J.B.; Fonseca, A.H.; Barbosa, J.D. Experimental infection by Anaplasma marginale in buffaloes and cattle: clinical, hematological, molecular and pathological aspects. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, 39(9): 700-709, 2019.

Marengo, J.A.; Cunha, A.P.; Alves, L.M. A seca de 2012-15 no semiárido do Nordeste do Brasil no contexto histórico. Revista Climanálise, 3(1): 49-54, 2016.

Nazifi, S.; Razavi, S.M.; Kaviani, F.; Rakhshandehroo, E. Acute phase response in cattle infected with Anaplasma marginale. Veterinary Microbiology, 155(2-4), 267-271, 2012.

WOAH. World Organization for Animal Health. Bovine anaplasmosis. In: Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals. 2018. p. 999-1013.

Reichmann, P.; Dearo, A.C.O. Blood and blood component transfusion in large animals. Semina Ciências Agrárias, 22(2): 223-228, 2001.

Rebhun, W.C. Diseases of dairy cattle. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1995. 530p.

Sampaio, I.B.M. Estatística aplicada à experimentação animal. 3rd ed. Belo Horizonte: FEP-MVZ Editora, 2007. 265p.

Santos, G.B.; Gomes, I.M.; Silveira, J.A.; Pires, L.C.; Azevedo, S.S.; Antonelli, A.C.; Horta, M.C. Tristeza Parasitária em bovinos do semiárido pernambucano. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, 37(1): 1-7, 2017.

Shahbazi, P.; Gharajalar, S.N.; Mohebbi, K.; Taeb, J.; Farhang, H.H.; Nikvand, A.A.; Norouzi, R. First survey on the presence and distribution of oxytetracycline-resistance genes in Anaplasma species. Acta Parasitologica, 66: 501-507, 2021.

Silva de Jesus, R. Surtos de anaplasmose bovina na Bahia: aspectos clínicos, laboratoriais e anatomopatológicos. Monografia (Graduação em Medicina Veterinária) – Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Ambientais e Biológicas da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Cruz das Almas, 2019. 54p.

Silvestre, B.T.; Silveira, J.A.G; Meneses, R.M.; Facury-Filho, E.J.; Carvalho, A.U.; Ribeiro, M.F.B. Identification of a vertically transmitted strain from Anaplasma marginale (UFMG3): molecular and phylogenetic characterization, and evaluation of virulence. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 7(1): 80-84, 2016.

Singh, N.D.; Banga, H.S.; Gadhave, P.D.; Chougule, A.A.; Goyal, A.; Brar, R. S. Clinico-pathological alterations in a case of bovine (Anaplasmosis). Indian Journal of Animal Research, 48(3): 295-297, 2014.

Swenson, C.; Jacobs, R. Spherocytosis associated with anaplasmosis in two cows. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 188(9): 1061-1063, 1986.

Tvedten, H.; Weiss, D.J. Laboratory and clinical diagnosis of anemia. In: Feldman, B.F.F. Zinkl, J.G. Jain, N.C. Schalm’s veterinary hematology. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Williams & Wilkins, 2000. p.143-150.

Tvedten, H. Laboratory and clinical diagnosis of anemia. In: Weiss, D.W.; Wardrop, K.J. Schalm’s veterinary hematology. 6th ed. Ames: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. p.152-161.

Wilkinson, R. Bovine anaplasmosis. 2005. Available at: <https://www.vet.k-state.edu/docs/vhc/farm/ag-practice-updates/Bovine_Anaplasmosis.pdf.> Accessed on: 07 nov. 2023.

Downloads

Publicado

23-11-2023

Como Citar

Guedes, A. R., Souto, R. J. C., Soares, G. S. L., Conceição, Ângela I. da, Cajueiro, J. F. de P., Souza, M. I. de, Afonso, J. A. B., & Mendonça, C. L. de. (2023). Epidemiological, clinical and hematological aspects of bovine anaplasmosis: a retrospective hospital-based study (2012-2021). Medicina Veterinária, 17(3), 153–164. https://doi.org/10.26605/medvet-v17n3-5682

Edição

Seção

Clínica e cirurgia de grandes animais