Effect of vegetation fragmentation on bee diversity: comparing response patterns in Euglossini and Meliponini
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24221/jeap.9.3.2024.6005.169-178Keywords:
bees, cerrado, edge effect, transmission lineAbstract
Bees are important floral visitors that need well-structured environments with a variety of resources for foraging. The bee fauna has been suffering species decline due to anthropic changes in natural habitats. The aim of this study is to assess whether the opening of natural vegetation affects bee communities in the Cerrado of southeastern Brazil. Our hypothesis is that the opening of the vegetation generates an edge effect that affects differently the bee communities of the Euglossini and Meliponini tribes. We expect that the occurrence of Meliponini bees will be higher in areas close to the impacted edge, while Euglossini bees will be more frequent in areas further away from the edge. The study was carried out in the central region of the state of Minas Gerais, in the municipalities of Ouro Preto, Itabirito, and Sabará. In each location, an area opened by the right-of-way of a transmission line was sampled, where five transects were established at 0 m, 50 m, and 100 m from the open area. We recorded 642 individuals from 38 bee species. The most abundant species were Trigona hyalinata (N = 230), Trigona spinipes (N = 108), and Tetragonisca angustula (N = 86). Bee richness and abundance were significantly higher in the transects of open areas (0m), a pattern strongly affected by Meliponini bees. However, analyzing only Euglossini, we found greater abundance in the transect farthest from the open area. Our results corroborate the hypothesis that vegetation opening affects Euglossini and Meliponini bees differently.Downloads
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