Importance of necroscopic examination in the diagnosis of gastric leiomyosarcoma in a dog with sudden death: a case report

Authors

  • Bethânia Almeida Gouveia Programa de Residência em Área Profissional da Saúde – Medicina Veterinária e Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (FCAV-UNESP), Jaboticabal-SP, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5378-4222
  • Ana Paula Luiz de Oliveira Programa de Residência em Área Profissional da Saúde – Medicina Veterinária e Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (FCAV-UNESP), Jaboticabal-SP, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2684-2778
  • Fernanda Ramalho Ramos Programa de Residência em Área Profissional da Saúde – Medicina Veterinária e Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (FCAV-UNESP), Jaboticabal-SP, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7972-6482
  • Mariana Klein Programa de Residência em Área Profissional da Saúde – Medicina Veterinária e Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (FCAV-UNESP), Jaboticabal-SP, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9731-1582
  • Karina Perez da Silva Programa de Residência em Área Profissional da Saúde – Medicina Veterinária e Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (FCAV-UNESP), Jaboticabal-SP, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5270-9869
  • Stella Habib Moreira Programa de Residência em Área Profissional da Saúde – Medicina Veterinária e Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (FCAV-UNESP), Jaboticabal-SP, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2942-9754
  • Rosemeri de Oliveira Vasconcelos Serviço de Patologia Veterinária, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (FCAV–UNESP), Jaboticabal-SP, Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2319-5309

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26605/medvet-v18n1-6526

Keywords:

necropsy; mesenchymal neoplasia; immunohistochemistry

Abstract

Gastric neoplasms are uncommon in dogs and represent less than 1% of all tumors diagnosed in this species. In a survey of gastrointestinal tumors in dogs, it was found that 90% of malignant neoplasms occur in the stomach and epithelial tumors were more frequent than those of mesenchymal origin. The diagnosis of gastric neoplasms is difficult and often occurs late, making the prognosis unfavorable. In mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, immunohistochemical analysis is essential. This study aimed to report a case of gastric leiomyosarcoma in a dog with sudden death. The animal was referred for necropsy at the UNESP-FCAV Veterinary Pathology Service and two nodules were observed in the cardia, each 2.0 cm in diameter, whitish, rounded, and firm. The stomach presented a bloody food bolus, and the fecal content was blackened throughout the intestinal extension. The cause of death was a hypovolemic shock. On histopathological examination, the mass corresponded to a proliferation of mesenchymal cells with mild atypia, the diagnosis of which was suggestive of gastric leiomyosarcoma. A gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the principal differential diagnosis, so histological sections of the gastric nodules were subjected to immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. The neoplastic cells were positive for S100, 1A4, Desmin, and HHF35 and did not express DOG1, ruling out the origin of GIST tumor cells. The present report demonstrates the importance of necroscopic examination to conclude the cause of death and the immunohistochemical technique to confirm the diagnosis of mesenchymal neoplasms.

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Published

2024-05-23

How to Cite

Gouveia, B. A., Oliveira, A. P. L. de, Ramos, F. R., Klein, M., Silva , K. P. da, Moreira, S. H., & Vasconcelos, R. de O. (2024). Importance of necroscopic examination in the diagnosis of gastric leiomyosarcoma in a dog with sudden death: a case report. Medicina Veterinária, 18(1), 43–48. https://doi.org/10.26605/medvet-v18n1-6526

Issue

Vol. 18 No. 1 (2024): Medicina Veterinária

Section

Animal Pathology

License

Copyright (c) 2024 Bethânia Almeida Gouveia, Ana Paula Luiz de Oliveira, Fernanda Ramalho Ramos, Mariana Klein, Karina Perez da Silva , Stella Habib Moreira, Rosemeri de Oliveira Vasconcelos

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