Principais genes implicados na aquisição de competência oocitária
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26605/medvet-v13n2-3090Keywords:
RNAm, oócitos, célula da granulosa, embrião, apoptose.Abstract
Apesar do bloqueio meiótico no estádio diplóteno da prófase I, os oócitos da maioria dos mamíferos domésticos mantêm a capacidade de transcrição gênica devido ao fato da cromatina apresentar áreas de descondensação. Com a retomada da meiose sob estímulo do hormônio luteinizante, no entanto, esta atividade transcricional é interrompida, sendo restabelecida somente com a ativação do genoma embrionário. Deste modo, todo o processo de maturação oocitária, fertilização e embriogênese inicial assim como a expansão das células do cumulus dependem da adequada transcrição e estoque de RNAs mensageiros ainda durante o bloqueio meiótico que, em momentos oportunos e sob sinais específicos, serão recrutados para tradução e síntese proteica. Neste contexto de controle gênico, alguns transcritos se destacam por sua importância nos eventos que regem a aquisição de competência oocitária e o embriogênese inicial como o MATER, ZAR1, GDF9, BMP15, BAX e BCL2, expressos nos oócitos, além do PTGS2, PTX3, HSA2, TNFAIP6 e GREMLIN, expressos nas células do cumulus. Sendo assim, dada a relevância do tema, esta revisão tem como intuito explorar a interação oócito-cumulus e compilar o conhecimento referente à função e perfil de expressão dos principais transcritos maternos considerados imprescindíveis para o adequado desenvolvimento oocitário e embrionário.Downloads
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